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ABLAÇÃO DE DENTES BOVINOS E HUMANOS COM LASER DE TI:SAFIRA NO REGIME DE FEMTOSSEGUNDOS: ANÁLISES MORFOLÓGICAS E FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS

1 Instituto de Física de São Carlos - USP: Maristela Dutra-Corrêa3, 1 Gustavo Nicolodelli1 Kurachi Cristina1 Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato1                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             2 Faculdade de Odontologia de São José dos Campos - UNESP: José Roberto Rodrigues23 Universidade Paulista - UNIP                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Resumo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dentes bovinos têm sido convencionalmente utilizados em pesquisas odontológicas substituindo dentes humanos. Diferenças nas propriedades físico-químicas, estruturais e morfológicas dos substratos representarão diferenças na resposta frente a diversos tratamentos. Foi investigada a ablação em esmalte e dentina de dentes bovinos (30) e humanos (30) com laser de Ti:Safira, no regime de femtossegundos(70 fs), com ë= 800±1 nm, taxa de repetição=1 KHz, utilizando diferentes potências médias com diferentes tempos de exposição. Foram realizadas análises morfológicas e físico-químicas. Os corpos-de-prova foram observados ao microscópio de luz, ao MEV e analisados por EDX. As microcavidades em esmalte (bovino e humano) apresentaram ablação precisa, integridade e definição das margens. No esmalte humano não houve danos térmicos ou microfraturas; o bovino apresentou microfraturas, provavelmente resultado de sua menor resistência à ablação com laser. As microcavidades da dentina (bovina e humana)apresentaram bordas definidas, entretanto com microfraturas, sendo que na dentina bovina foram mais numerosas, mais amplas e maisintensas, mostrando maior susceptibilidade frente à irradiação com laser. Quanto à proporção Ca/P, as alterações proporcionais entre números de átomos de Ca em relação ao P, não foram estatisticamente significantes, para nenhum tecido. Conclui-se que o laser de Ti:Safirano regime de femtossegundos (fs), além de muito rápido, potente e seguro, tem a vantagem de poder ser bem controlado e preciso, promovendo profundidades pequenas e específicas. Diante dos resultados e dependendo do tipo de tecido, fica evidente a necessidade de prévio conhecimento das diferenças entre eles antes da direta extrapolação dos resultados obtidos em substrato bovino para humano.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Descritores: Dente, humano e bovino; dentina; esmalte dentário; laser, ablação, Ti:Safira, femtossegundos; espectroscopia por energia dispersiva de raios-x (EDX ou EDS); microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Abstract                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Bovine teeth have been conventionally used in dental research toreplace human teeth. Differences in the physicoc hemical, structuraland morphological properties of these substrates cause differences intheir response to several treatments. This study investigated the ablationof enamel and dentin of bovine teeth (30) and human teeth (30) usinga Ti:Sapphire laser at Femtosecond (fs) pulse width (70fs), ë= 800±1 nmand repetition rate of 1 KHz. Different output power levels and irradiationtimes were investigated. Morphological and physicochemical analysis were conducted. Irradiated specimens were evaluated underlight microscopy, SEM and EDX. Microcavities in bovine and humanenamel showed accurate ablation, with sharp margins and preservedmorphologies. Human enamel did not exhibit induced thermal damageor microfractures; bovine enamel presented microfractures, probablydue a lower resistance to laser ablation. The microcavities in dentin(bovine and human) presented defined borders, yet with microfractures,which were more frequent, wider and more intense in the bovinedentin, demonstrating a higher susceptibility to laser irradiation.Concerning the Ca/P ratio, the proportional alterations between thenumbers of Ca atoms compared to P atoms were not statisticallysignificant for any tissue. In this study Femtosecond Ti:Sapphire lasershowed to be a fast, powerful and safe ablation system. Additionally,it promotes removal at small and specific depths. Considering thepresent results and depending on the type of tissue, it is clear thatprevious knowledge on the differences between them is required beforedirect extrapolation of results obtained in bovine substrate to thehuman substrate.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Descriptors: Tooth, human and bovine; dentin; dental enamel;ablation; Ti:Sapphire; laser; Femtosecond; Energy Dispersive X-raySpectroscopy (EDX or EDS); Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Contato: E-mail: maristeladcb@uol.com.br           



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